Amathrendi amakhulu amahlanu nezici ezihlobene zokuthengwa kwempahla emngceleni

Amathrendi amakhulu amahlanu nezici ezihlobene zokuthengwa kwempahla emngceleni

 

Ukuthengwa kwempahla emngceleni, okubuye kubizwe ngokuthi ukuthenga kwamazwe ngamazwe, kubhekisela ezinkampanini (izinhlangano) ezisebenzisa izinsiza zomhlaba wonke ukuze zithole abahlinzeki emhlabeni wonke futhi zibheke imikhiqizo (impahla namasevisi) enekhwalithi engcono kakhulu namanani aphusile. Ukuhwebelana kwembulunga yonke kwezomnotho kwenza amabhizinisi akwazi ukuphila futhi athuthuke emhlabeni omusha oshintsha ngokushesha kanye nokuhleleka okusha kwezomnotho. Ukuziphatha kokuthengwa kwempahla sekuyisu elikhulu lamabhizinisi. Ngomqondo othile, ukuphathwa kokuthengwa kwempahla kanye nokuthengwa kwempahla kungenza ibhizinisi libe "yimbeleko" yenzuzo, noma futhi kungenza ibhizinisi "ithuna" lenzuzo.

 

Isazi sezomnotho esidumile saseMelika uChristopher sake sasho lokhu: "Kukhona amaketanga okuhlinzeka kuphela emakethe kodwa awekho amabhizinisi. Ukuncintisana kwangempela akuwona ukuncintisana phakathi kwamabhizinisi, kodwa ukuncintisana phakathi kwamaketanga okuhlinzeka."

 

Ngenxa yokuhwebelana komnotho wembulunga yonke kanye nokwanda kwamaqembu ezizwe ngezizwe, amasu okusebenzelana phakathi kwamabhizinisi asenhla nezansi nomfula akhiwa eduze komkhiqizo owodwa noma eminingi yebhizinisi eliwumgogodla (noma ngabe ibhizinisi liyibhizinisi elikhiqizayo noma ibhizinisi lokuhweba). Amabhizinisi asenhla nezansi nomfula abandakanya Abahlinzeki, abakhiqizi nabasabalalisi, laba bahlinzeki, abakhiqizi kanye nabasabalalisi bangase babe basekhaya noma phesheya, kanti ukuhamba kwebhizinisi, ukuhlelwa kwempahla, ukugeleza kolwazi kanye nokugeleza kwemali phakathi kwalawa mabhizinisi kusebenza ngendlela edidiyelwe.

 

Lo mqondo we-supply chain kanye nemodeli yokusebenza kwenza ukuthenga kube yingxenye engenakuhlukaniswa ye-supply chain kubunjiniyela bohlelo. Abathengi nabahlinzeki bempahla abasebona ubudlelwano obulula bokuthenga nokudayisa, kodwa sebewubudlelwane obunesu.

 

Faka uhlelo lwamazwe ngamazwe lokuthengwa kwempahla futhi ube yingxenye yochungechunge lokuhlinzeka emhlabeni wonke. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi isungula uhlelo lwebhizinisi lokuthenga lesifunda noma lomhlaba wonke, ingene echungechungeni lokunikezela ngempahla yeqembu lebhizinisi lamazwe ngamazwe futhi ibe umhlinzeki noma umdayisi ozinzile, ibe umphakeli wesikhungo sokuthenga esakhiwe inkampani yamazwe ngamazwe e-China, noma ukuba yi-United. Umphakeli wokuthenga wezizwe. abahlinzeki, babe abahlinzeki ezinhlanganweni zokuthenga zamazwe ngamazwe kanye nabathengi bokuthenga bamazwe ngamazwe. Lezi yizinto zokugcina zabanikazi bempahla abahlukahlukene. Ukuze ungene ohlelweni lokuthengwa kwempahla namazwe ngamazwe, kufanele uqale uqonde izici nezitayela zokuthengwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe ngaphambi kokuthi ungene emakethe yokuthenga yamazwe ngamazwe ngokuya ngesimo.

 

Okuthrendayo 1. Kusukela ekuthengeni uhlu kuya ekuthengeni kwama-oda.

 

Esimeni sokushoda kwezimpahla, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukukhiqizwa, ukuthengwa kwe-inventory akunakugwenywa. Kodwa-ke, esimweni sanamuhla sokutholakala ngokweqile, ukuthenga ama-oda sekuphenduke umthetho we-ironclad. Ngaphansi kwezimo zomnotho wemakethe, i-inventory enkulu iyimpande yabo bonke ububi bamabhizinisi, futhi i-0 yokusungula noma i-inventory ephansi isiphenduke into engenakugwenywa emabhizinisini. Ama-oda okukhiqiza akhiqizwa eqhutshwa ama-oda afunwa ngabasebenzisi. I-oda lokukhiqiza libe selishayela i-oda lokuthenga, okuyilo elishayela umphakeli. Le modeli eqhutshwa nge-oda efika ngesikhathi ingaphendula izidingo zomsebenzisi ngesikhathi, ngaleyo ndlela yehlise izindleko ze-inventory futhi ithuthukise isivinini sokuhlela kanye nenzuzo yokutholwa.

 

Isistimu yokukhiqiza efika ngesikhathi i-JIT (JUST-INTIME) iwuhlelo olusha lokuphatha ukukhiqiza oluqalwe izinkampani zaseJapan eminyakeni engama-40 edlule. Inkampani yokuqala ukusebenzisa lolu hlelo iToyota Motor Company edume umhlaba wonke. Uhlelo lwe-JIT lubhekisela ekuhleleni okunengqondo kwenkampani nokwenza lula kakhulu inqubo yokuthengwa kwempahla, ukukhiqiza kanye nokuthengisa ngaphansi kwesimo sokukhiqiza okuzenzakalelayo kanye nekhompyutha, ukuze izinto zokusetshenziswa ezingena embonini kanye nemikhiqizo eqediwe ephuma efekthri futhi ingene emakethe ibe eduze. okuxhumene, futhi uhlu lwempahla lungancishiswa ngangokunokwenzeka, ukuze kuzuzwe Uhlelo oluthuthukisiwe lokukhiqiza olunciphisa izindleko zomkhiqizo, oluthuthukisa ngokuphelele ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo, oluthuthukisa ukukhiqizwa kwezabasebenzi kanye nezinzuzo eziphelele zezomnotho.

 

Ukuthengwa kwe-JIT kuyingxenye ebalulekile yohlelo lwe-JIT kanye nokuqukethwe okubalulekile kokusebenza kahle kohlelo lwe-JIT - indawo yokuqala yomjikelezo wesistimu ye-JIT; ukuqaliswa kokuthengwa kwe-JIT kuyisidingo esingenakugwenywa kanye nemfuneko yokuqaliswa kokukhiqizwa nokusebenza kwe-JIT. Ngokomgomo wokuthenga we-JIT, ibhizinisi linokuthenga kuphela izinto ezidingekayo endaweni edingekayo kuphela lapho kudingeka khona kwenza ukuthengwa kwe-JIT kube imodeli yokuthenga engabizi futhi ephumelelayo.

 

Izimpawu eziyisikhombisa zokuthengwa kwe-JIT yilezi: ukukhetha ngokunengqondo abahlinzeki kanye nokusungula ubambiswano lwamasu nabo, okudinga abahlinzeki ukuba bangenele inqubo yokukhiqiza yomkhiqizi; ukuthenga iqoqo elincane; ukuthola i-inventory engu-zero noma ngaphansi; ukulethwa ngesikhathi kanye namazinga okupakisha; Ukwabelana ngolwazi; ukugcizelelwa kwezemfundo nokuqeqeshwa; ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi okuqinile kanye nesitifiketi somkhiqizo wamazwe ngamazwe.

 

Izinzuzo zokusebenzisa ukuthenga kwe-JIT yilezi:

1. Kunganciphisa kakhulu i-inventory yezinto zokusetshenziswa nezinye izinto. Inkampani eyaziwa kakhulu yaseMelika i-Hewlett-Packard yehlise i-inventory yayo ngama-40% ngonyaka owodwa ngemva kokusebenzisa imodeli yokuthenga ye-JIT. Ngokwezibalo zezikhungo zakwamanye amazwe, ukwehla okungama-40% kuyizinga elimaphakathi kuphela, kanti ukwehla kwezinye izinkampani kuze kufike ku-85%; ukuncishiswa kwempahla yezinkampani ezikhiqizayo Kuhle ekwehliseni umsebenzi wemali yokusebenza kanye nokusheshisa inzuzo yemali yokusebenza. Kuyasiza futhi ukonga indawo ehlala izinto zokusungula ezifana nempahla yokusetshenziswa, ngalokho kunciphisa izindleko zokusungula.

 

2. Thuthukisa ikhwalithi yezinto ezithengiwe. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi ukuqaliswa kwesu lokuthenga le-JIT kunganciphisa izindleko zekhwalithi ngo-26% -63%.

 

3. Yehlisa intengo yokuthengwa kwezinto ezingavuthiwe nezinye izinto. Isibonelo, i-American Xerox Company, ekhiqiza imishini yokufothokhopha, yehlise intengo yezinto ezithengwe yinkampani ngo-40% -50% ngokusebenzisa isu lokuthenga le-JIT.

 

4. Ukuqaliswa kwesu lokuthenga le-JIT akugcini nje ngokusindisa izinsiza ezidingekayo ohlelweni lokuthengwa kwempahla (okuhlanganisa abasebenzi, imali, izinto zokusebenza, njll.), kodwa futhi kuthuthukisa ukukhiqizwa kwemisebenzi yebhizinisi futhi kuthuthukisa ukuguquguquka kwebhizinisi. Isibonelo, ngemuva kokuthi i-HP isebenzise ukuthengwa kwe-JIT, ukukhiqizwa kwezabasebenzi kwanda. Inyuke ngo-2% ngaphambi kokuqaliswa.

 

Ithrendi 2. Kusukela ekuphathweni kwezimpahla ezithengiwe kuya ekuphathweni kwezinsiza zangaphandle zabahlinzeki.

 

Njengoba izinhlangano zokuhlinzeka nezidingo zisungule ubambiswano lwesu lwesikhathi eside, oluzuzisa ngokulinganayo, izinhlangothi ezihlinzekayo nezifunayo zingabelana ngolwazi lokukhiqiza, ikhwalithi, isevisi, kanye nesikhathi sokuthengiselana ngesikhathi, ukuze umphakeli akwazi ukuhlinzeka ngemikhiqizo namasevisi ngokuqinile. njengoba kudingekile, futhi ngokokukhiqiza Funa ukuxhumana nezinhlelo zabahlinzeki ukuze kuzuzwe ukuthengwa kwempahla ngesikhathi. Ekugcineni, abahlinzeki balethwa ohlelweni lokukhiqiza kanye nenqubo yokuthengisa ukuze kuzuzwe isimo sokuwina.

 

Isu lomphakeli we-zero-defect liyisu elivamile ekuphathweni kwamanje kokuthengwa kwempahla nokuthengwa kwempahla ezinkampanini zamazwe ngamazwe. Kubhekiselwa ekuphishekeleni abahlinzeki abaphelele. Lo mhlinzeki angaba ngumkhiqizi noma umsabalalisi. Lapho ukhetha umphakeli, kufanele futhi uhlole indawo lapho umphakeli ekhona, okuyilokho esivame ukukubiza ngokuthi izici ezine eziyisisekelo zokuthengwa kwempahla emngceleni, okungukuthi ukuhamba kwenani, ukuhamba kwesevisi, ukugeleza kolwazi, nokugeleza kwemali. 

 

"I-value stream" imele ukugeleza kweveluengezwe kwemikhiqizo namasevisi ukusuka kusisekelo sensiza kuya kumthengi wokugcina, okuhlanganisa imisebenzi ye-value-added njengokushintsha, ukupakisha, ukwenza ngokwezifiso komuntu ngamunye, nokusekelwa kwesevisi kwemikhiqizo namasevisi abahlinzeki bamazinga amaningi.

 

"Ukugeleza kwesevisi" ikakhulukazi kubhekisela ezinsizeni zezokuthutha kanye nezinhlelo zesevisi yangemva kokuthengisa ezisekelwe ezidingweni zamakhasimende, okungukuthi, ukugeleza kwemikhiqizo namasevisi ngesivinini esikhulu nangempumelelo phakathi kwabahlinzeki bamazinga amaningi, amabhizinisi ayinhloko namakhasimende, kanye nokuhlehla. ukugeleza kwemikhiqizo, efana nezimbuyiselo, ukulungiswa, ukugaywa kabusha, ukukhunjulwa komkhiqizo, njll.

"Ukugeleza kolwazi" kubhekisela ekusungulweni kwenkundla yolwazi lokwenziwayo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukugeleza kwezindlela ezimbili zolwazi kudatha yokwenziwayo, ukuguquguquka kwempahla, njll. phakathi kwamalungu ochungechunge lokunikezela.

 

"Ukugeleza kwesikhwama" ngokuyinhloko kubhekisela esivinini sokuphuma kwemali kanye nezinga lokusebenzisa izimpahla zokuthutha.

 

Ithrendi 3. Ukuthengwa kwempahla yendabuko ekuthengeni kwe-e-commerce

 

Imodeli yokuthenga yendabuko igxile ekutheni kwenziwa kanjani ukuthengiselana kwezentengiso nabahlinzeki. Isici siwukuthi inaka kakhulu ukuqhathaniswa kwentengo yabahlinzeki ngesikhathi senqubo yokuthengiselana, futhi ikhetha leyo enenani eliphansi njengozakwethu ngokuncintisana kwesikhathi eside phakathi kwabahlinzeki. Inqubo yokuthenga yemodeli yokuthenga yendabuko iyinqubo yegeyimu yolwazi olungalingani. Izici zayo ukuthi ukuhlolwa kokwamukelwa kuwumsebenzi obalulekile wangemva kokuhlolwa komnyango wokuthenga, futhi ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi kunzima; ubudlelwano bokuphakela kanye nesidingo wubudlelwano bokubambisana besikhashana noma besikhashana, futhi kunokuncintisana okukhulu kunokubambisana; ikhono lokuphendula izidingo zomsebenzisi lihamba kancane.

 

Izinhlelo zokuthengwa kwempahla nge-e-commerce njengamanje ikakhulukazi zifaka phakathi izinhlelo zokukhishwa kolwazi lwemakethe eku-inthanethi kanye nezinhlelo zokuthengwa kwempahla, ukukhokhwa kwamabhange nge-elekthronikhi kanye nezinhlelo zokukhokha, izinhlelo zokugunyazwa kwezimpahla zokungenisa nokuthekelisa kwamanye amazwe, kanye nezinhlelo zesimanje zokuthutha.

Lapho amaqembu ezizwe ngezizwe ethenga izimpahla ku-inthanethi, izinhlobo ezilandelayo eziyinhloko zezimakethe ze-elekthronikhi ziyaqaliswa:

 

Indali yaseBrithani ehlehlayo (indali yaseBrithani): Indali yokuqala yavela e-United Kingdom; endalini yaseBrithani, umthengisi unquma inani lentengo bese uqala imakethe. Njengoba imakethe iqhubeka, abathengi abaningi bayaqhubeka nokwenyusa amanani abo okuthenga kuze kungabe kusaba khona Ibhidi ephezulu eyenzekayo, imakethe iyavalwa, bese kuwina obiza kakhulu.

 

Ukubuza kanye nemibuzo: Imakethe yophenyo eku-inthanethi iyafana nemakethe yendali yase-British ehlanekezelwe, kodwa imithetho yokuncintisana yemakethe ikhululeke kakhudlwana. Ngaphezu kwekhotheshini (kanye nevolumu ecashuniwe), abathengisi bangathumela neminye imibandela eyengeziwe (njengokuthenga). izimfuneko ezithile kanye nezibopho zesevisi yangemuva kokuthengisa). Lezi zimo ezengeziwe zivame ukubikwa kumthengi zibethelwe futhi zigcinwe ziyimfihlo kwabanye ababhidi. Isikhathi sokuthula siyamiswa ngaphambi kokuba imakethe yophenyo ivalwe ukuze abathengi bakwazi ukucabangela futhi bahlole izimo ezengeziwe zomthengisi (ngakho-ke, akusho ngempela ukuthi lowo onenani eliphansi kakhulu uwina imakethe).

 

Imakethe evulekile kanye nemakethe evaliwe: Endalini (yaseBrithani), ngenxa yezinga eliphezulu lokuvuleleka kokusebenza kwemakethe, ukuziphatha kwabaqhudelana nemakethe kuntuleka ukuzimela ngokwezinga elithile, okungukuthi, ikhotheshini nolwazi lwenani lomthengi othile kwenzeka ngokushesha. esetshenziswa yibo bonke abafaka amathenda. Njengoba wonke umuntu azi, ukuze kuqiniswe ukuzimela kokuziphatha kwemakethe yabathengi futhi kugwenywe izingxabano ezinonya, kuye kwavela imakethe yendali evaliwe (indali), lapho ikhotheshini ngayinye kanye nolwazi lwevolumu lugcinwa luyimfihlo kwabanye abahlanganyeli (isibonelo: Lolu lwazi ingathunyelwa kusetshenziswa i-imeyili ebethelwe). Abahleli bale makethe evaliwe kufanele balandele ngokuqinile uhlelo lokuncintisana lwemakethe ukuze banqume owinile. Emakethe ye-elekthronikhi, lolu hlobo lomhleli luvame ukwenziwa yikhompyutha (iseva yenethiwekhi), eqhuba isofthiwe ehlanganiswe ngokuvumelana nemithetho yokuncintisana yemakethe, iqala ngokuzenzakalelayo imakethe, iqhubeke nomncintiswano wemakethe, kuze kube yilapho imakethe isuliwe, futhi ekugcineni inquma owinile emakethe futhi aqede abephula umthetho.

 

Indali ehlanekezelwe yento eyodwa kanye nendali ehlanganisiwe ehlehlayo: Uma uhwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe lwe-inthanethi lubandakanya kuphela impahla eyodwa, lolu hlobo lohwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe lubizwa ngokuthi uhwebo lwento eyodwa (impahla). Uma uhwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe lubandakanya izimpahla eziningi, lubizwa ngokuthi (impahla) yohwebo oluhlanganisiwe. Izici eziyinhloko zohwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe oluhlanganiswe ku-inthanethi uma kuqhathaniswa nohwebo lwento eyodwa ku-inthanethi yilezi:

 

Abathengi bangonga isikhathi, bathuthukise ukusebenza kahle futhi banciphise izindleko. Ukupakisha nokuthenga izimpahla eziningi, udinga kuphela ukwethula imakethe eku-inthanethi kanye bese uqedela okwenziwayo ngendlela ebumbene. Lokhu kusindisa umthengi isikhathi esiningi nomzamo uma kuqhathaniswa nokuthenga impahla ehlukahlukene ngokuhlukana kanye nokuvula imakethe ye-inthanethi izikhathi eziningi ukuze afune abahlinzeki (abathengisi) abaningi. amandla futhi sithuthukise ukusebenza kahle kokuthenga.

Abathengisi banendawo eyengeziwe yokuncintisana. Ngesikhathi sohwebo lwephakheji, umthengi unikeza kuphela inani lephakheji (intengo yokuthenga yephakheji lonke) kanye nenani lokuthenga lempahla ehlukahlukene. Umthengisi angakwazi ukwenza inhlanganisela ehlukahlukene yezintengo zeyunithi yezimpahla futhi enze ukubhida ku-inthanethi ngokwezinzuzo zakhe. Lesi sikhala esikhulu sokuncintisana senza abathengi bazimisele kakhulu ukubamba iqhaza ekubhideni ku-inthanethi

 

Ukuncintisana kwezimakethe kuya ngokuya kushuba. Ingqikithi yemakethe ukuncintisana. Ukuqina kokuncintisana kwemakethe kungavezwa yi-quotient yenani lenani lamakhotheshini ngesikhathi seyunithi ngayinye (isibonelo, phakathi nehora) kanye nenani labahlanganyeli bemakethe.

 

I-Trend 4. Izindlela zokuthenga zihlangene ukuze zihlukahlukene.

Izindlela zokuthenga zendabuko kanye namashaneli akuzodwa, kodwa manje athuthuka ngokushesha ngendlela ehlukahlukene, ebonakala kuqala ekuhlanganisweni kokuthengwa kwempahla emhlabeni wonke kanye nokuthengwa kwempahla endaweni.

 

Isakhiwo sesifunda semisebenzi yokukhiqiza yezinkampani zamazwe ngamazwe sihambisana kakhulu nezinzuzo zokuqhathanisa zesifunda zezwe ngalinye, futhi imisebenzi yazo yokuthenga iphinde ibonise ukuthengwa kwempahla emhlabeni wonke, okungukuthi, izinkampani zisebenzisa imakethe yomhlaba wonke njengobubanzi bokukhetha ukuze zithole abahlinzeki abafaneleka kakhulu. , kunokuba ulinganiselwe ezweni elithile. Isifunda.

 

Ukubonakaliswa kwesibili yinhlanganisela yokuthengwa kwezimpahla okuphakathi nendawo kanye nokuthengwa kwempahla okusabalalisiwe. Ukuthi kufanele kutholwe ukuthengwa kwezimpahla okuphakathi nendawo noma ukuthengwa kwempahla okuhlukaniselwe izwe kuncike esimeni sangempela futhi angeke kwenziwe ngendlela ejwayelekile. Isimo samanje siwukuthi: imisebenzi yokuthenga ivamise ukuba endaweni eyodwa; izinkampani zesevisi zisebenzisa ukuthenga okuphakathi nendawo ngaphezu kwezinkampani ezikhiqizayo; amabhizinisi amancane asebenzisa ukuthengwa kwempahla endaweni eyodwa Kunezinkampani eziningi kunezinkampani ezinkulu; ngokuhlanganiswa okukhulu kwemingcele kanye nokutholwa kwezinkampani, izinkampani eziningi zisebenzisa izindlela zokuthenga ezibekwe endaweni eyodwa futhi ezihlukaniselwe izindawo; ukwenziwa isicaba kwezinhlaka zenhlangano nakanjani kuzoholela ekuhlakazweni kwamalungelo okulawulwa kwebhizinisi, ngakho-ke amalungelo okuthengwa kwezinto ezimakethe zendawo asekuhlakazweni phansi ngokwezinga elithile; ukuthengwa kwezimpahla okuphakathi kwezidingo nezinsiza ezifanayo.

 

Okwesithathu inhlanganisela yabahlinzeki abaningi kanye nomphakeli oyedwa.

Ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile, izinkampani zamazwe ngamazwe zisebenzisa isu lokuhlinzeka ngemithombo eminingi noma abahlinzeki abaningi. I-oda lokuthenga elivela kumphakeli oyedwa ngeke lidlule u-25% wesamba esifunekayo. Lokhu ikakhulukazi ukuvimbela izingozi, kodwa akusho ukuthi uma abahlinzeki beba baningi, kuba ngcono. kuhle. 

 

Okwesine inhlanganisela yokuthengwa kwempahla nomkhiqizi kanye nokuthengwa kwempahla yabasabalalisi.

 

Amabhizinisi amakhulu avame ukuthenga ngokuqondile kubakhiqizi ngenxa yesidingo sabo esikhulu, kuyilapho izinkontileka zokuhlinzeka ngezingubo zokulala noma ukuthengwa kwe-JIT (okungukuthi imodeli yokuthenga efika ngesikhathi) kuvame ukuthembela kubasabalalisi abaqinile ukucubungula inani elikhulu lama-oda amancane. 

 

Indlela yokugcina ukuhlanganisa ukuthenga okuzisebenzelayo kanye nokuthengwa kwempahla yangaphandle.

 

Ithrendi 5. Ngokujwayelekile naka indawo yemfanelo yomphakathi yokuthenga izimpahla

 

Ngokwezibalo, izinkampani zamazwe ngamazwe ezingaphezu kuka-200 emhlabeni wonke zenze futhi zasebenzisa amakhodi ezinkampani ezibophezelekile emphakathini, ezidinga abahlinzeki kanye nabasebenzi benkontileka ukuthi bahambisane nezindinganiso zabasebenzi, futhi bahlele abasebenzi bezinkampani noma banikeze izikhungo zokucwaninga ezizimele ukuthi zihlole njalo esizeni izimboni zenkontileka, esivame ukuthi izitifiketi zaseFactory noma ukuhlolwa kwefekthri. Phakathi kwazo, izinkampani ezingaphezu kuka-50 ezifana neCarrefour, Nike, Reebok, Adidas, Disney, Mattel, Avon, kanye neGeneral Electric zenze ucwaningo lokuzibophezela komphakathi eChina. Ezinye izinkampani ziphinde zasungula iminyango yezindaba zezabasebenzi neyokubophezeleka komphakathi e-China. Ngokwezilinganiso zochwepheshe, Njengamanje, izinkampani ezingaphezu kuka-8,000 ezindaweni ezisogwini lwaseChina ziye zahlolwa lokho, futhi izinkampani ezingaphezu kuka-50,000 zizohlolwa nganoma yisiphi isikhathi.

Ezinye izinkampani ezithumela impahla kwamanye amazwe ziphinde zasho ngomzwelo ojulile ukuthi kulezi zinsuku, cishe akunakwenzeka ukwenza ibhizinisi nezinkampani ezinkulu ngaphandle kokuthuthukisa amazinga okusebenza (okuhlanganisa iminyaka yabasebenzi, amaholo abasebenzi, amahora esikhathi esengeziwe, izimo zenkantini kanye nezindawo zokulala namanye amalungelo abantu). Njengamanje, ukuthunyelwa kwe-China kwezimpahla zokugqoka, amathoyizi, izicathulo, ifenisha, izinto zezemidlalo, i-hardware yansuku zonke neminye imikhiqizo emazweni aseYurophu naseMelika kungaphansi kwezindinganiso zabasebenzi.

 

I-United States, i-France, i-Italy kanye nezinye izinhlangano zendabuko zaseShayina zokuhweba ezimbonini ezikhanyayo zokungenisa imikhiqizo yasekhaya zixoxa ngesivumelwano esidinga ukuthi zonke izinkampani zaseShayina zendwangu, izingubo, amathoyizi, izicathulo kanye neminye imikhiqizo zigunyazwe kusengaphambili yi-SA8000 standard ( okungukuthi isibopho somphakathi isitifiketi esijwayelekile samazwe ngamazwe ), ngaphandle kwalokho bazoduba ukungenisa. Isitifiketi esijwayelekile se-SA8000 somthwalo wemfanelo kumphakathi siyindinganiso yokuqala yomhlaba wonke yezimiso zebhizinisi. Futhi kungenye isithiyo esisha sokuhwebelana esingakhokhisi esakhiwe amazwe asethuthukile ngemuva komgoqo oluhlaza. Inhloso yawo ukucacisa ukuthi imikhiqizo ehlinzekwa abakhiqizi nabahlinzeki bempahla ihlangabezana nezidingo zezindinganiso zokubophezeleka komphakathi, kuyilapho inyusa izindleko zokukhiqiza imikhiqizo emazweni asathuthuka futhi ihlehlisa isimo esibi sokuthi eminye imikhiqizo emazweni athuthukile ayinakuncintisana ngenxa yamanani aphezulu abasebenzi.